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The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs. The society is one of the four parts of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics (JPBM) and a member of the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences (CBMS). ==History== It was founded in 1888 as the ''New York Mathematical Society'', the brainchild of Thomas Fiske, who was impressed by the ''London Mathematical Society'' on a visit to England. John Howard Van Amringe was the first president and Fiske became secretary. The society soon decided to publish a journal, but ran into some resistance, due to concerns about competing with the American Journal of Mathematics. The result was the ''Bulletin of the New York Mathematical Society'', with Fiske as editor-in-chief. The de facto journal, as intended, was influential in increasing membership. The popularity of the ''Bulletin'' soon led to Transactions of the American Mathematical Society and Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, which were also ''de facto'' journals. In 1891 Charlotte Scott became the first woman to join the society. The society reorganized under its present name and became a national society in 1894, and that year Scott served as the first woman on the first Council of the American Mathematical Society. In 1951, the society's headquarters moved from New York City to Providence, Rhode Island. The society later added an office in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1984 and an office in Washington, D.C. in 1992. In 1954 the society called for the creation of a new teaching degree, a Doctor of Arts in Mathematics, similar to a PhD but without a research thesis.〔(Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the Annual Conference ) 1960. Association of Graduate Schools〕 In the 1970s, as reported in "A Brief History of the Association for Women in Mathematics: The Presidents' Perspectives", by Lenore Blum, "In those years the AMS (Mathematical Society ) was governed by what could only be called an 'old boys network,' closed to all but those in the inner circle." Mary W. Gray challenged that situation by "sitting in on the Council meeting in Atlantic City. When she was told she had to leave, she refused saying she would wait until the police came. (Mary relates the story somewhat differently: When she was told she had to leave, she responded she could find no rules in the by-laws restricting attendance at Council meetings. She was then told it was by 'gentlemen's agreement.' Naturally Mary replied 'Well, obviously I'm no gentleman.') After that time, Council meetings were open to observers and the process of democratization of the Society had begun." Julia Robinson was the first female president of the American Mathematical Society (1983–1984) but was unable to complete her term as she was suffering from leukemia.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Julia_Bowman_Robinson.aspx〕 In 1988 the Journal of the American Mathematical Society was created, with the intent of being the flagship journal of the AMS. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「american mathematical society」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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